The smallest town in Bulgaria is located in the southwestern part of Pirin Mountain, amidst a natural fortress of majestic sandstone formations (Melnik Pyramids). It recorded its name in Bulgarian history before the 11th century, and from 1205 to 1229 it was the center of the feudal estate of despot Alexi Slav who defied the central authorities. In the 12th century it became part of the Byzantine Empire, was later captured by the Franks, and was subjected to Ottoman rule in the 14th century. Only the surviving Boyar’s House is a distant memory of the once flourishing medieval town.

     Melnik enjoyed a visible upsurge and renaissance during the Bulgarian National Revival period when caravans with golden tobacco and red wine set out for Europe. Today Melnik has completely preserved the appearance and charm of the National Revival period. The town’s only street is split in two and runs along the river. Steep paths lead to the houses perched one above the other. Resembling fortresses, they harmoniously blend with the harsh beauty of nature. The population’s livelihood, viticulture, and wine production is also reflected in the interior of the local house. Heavy padlocked oak gates close on the lower story, which is built of stone. It contains the cellars and tunnels dug into the sandstone. This is where the famous Melnik wine matures in huge barrels.
     The parlor is the centerpiece of the two- or three-story houses. Carved cupboards and low seats run the length of the walls and there is a fireplace in one of the corners. The exquisite ornaments on the ceiling harmonize with the cheerful atmosphere. Double windows create the illusion of largeness. Open verandas or small balconies replace the missing yard. The most impressive building is Kordopoulova House, both due to its amazing size and Venetian stained glass windows. Most noteworthy among the town’s five churches is St. Nicholay Church, which contains many valuable icons and murals. Shrouded in its legendary past, Melnik today attracts numerous visitors, welcoming them with its thick red wine and winning their eternal love.

Museums: Kordopulova House; History Museum